Reports

Despite being sanctioned by the US, UK and EU, Russia's A7 network is expanding its reach in Africa, backed by the Kremlin. CIR's latest investigation suggests A7 is entering a new phase, more directly integrated into the Kremlin's strategic and military operations in Africa, and no longer operating purely as a commercial sanctions evasions network.

Myanmar Witness’s investigation found a consistent disconnect between the designation of “stable” townships for electoral participation, the phased schedule and the reality of ongoing conflict and reported arrests on the ground.

‘Digital Safety for Women and Girls’ is a booklet developed by Afghan Witness to provide accessible and practical support in minimising risks online.

An investigation examining how online gendered narratives targeting African women intersect with incidents of conflict-related sexual violence linked to Russian-controlled forces.

Using open-source analysis, CIR has sequenced key incidents during the RSF's takeover of El Fasher in October 2025, identifying human rights violations and linking senior RSF commanders to specific operations, detention sites, and executions. This is the first time open-source information about the RSF takeover of El Fasher has been presented in an in-depth chronological analysis.

On 1 December, the RSF captured the 22nd Division base in Babanusa, West Kordofan, after signalling their advance online and carrying out a destructive assault verified by satellite imagery and multiple videos. The takeover consolidated RSF control in western Sudan and restricted civilian reporting, raising concerns over further moves toward SAF-held areas.

Despite nationwide internet shutdowns, a trail of digital evidence reveals how Tanzania’s October 2025 elections were followed by deadly violence, brutal crackdowns on protesters, and possible mass graves - offering a stark picture of alleged human rights abuses that unfolded largely out of public view.

Myanmar Witness has carried out an investigation into internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Myanmar between January and June 2025, due to the spread of internal displacement-related reports being shared online since the 1 February 2021 coup.

Since the Taliban’s return in 2021, Afghan women have faced escalating restrictions that limit their mobility, visibility, and access to basic services. This report together recent directives verified by Afghan Witness, as well as a timeline of restrictions since 2021 to show how measures eroding women's rights across Afghanistan have developed.

After an 18-month siege, El Fasher fell to the RSF on October 26, 2025. Footage verified by CIR shows civilians being detained and killed as they tried to flee, as well as senior commanders present at execution sites and signs of further atrocities being committed.

Multiple agencies have reported that the Arakan Army is responsible for the killing of more than 600 Rohingya civilians in Htan Shauk Khan village, Buthidaung township on 2 May 2024. Through geolocation, satellite, and forensic imagery analysis, Myanmar Witness has investigated into the reported massacre.

CIR’s investigation into Rafah found widespread destruction between March and May 2025, with nearly 70% of structures in the area wiped out. Much of the damage was concentrated near the newly built Morag Corridor, alongside evidence of cleared IDP camps and damaged infrastructure. Verified footage sheds further light on how this destruction took place.